The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are a group of islands located in the Bay of Bengal, which is a part of the Indian Ocean. They form an archipelago and are one of the Union Territories of India. The islands’ natural beauty and isolation have allowed for the development of unique ecosystems and the survival of many endemic species.

ANDAMAN

Ross-island netaji subhas chandra

The Andaman and Nicobar Islands situated at the south eastern edge of the Bay of Bengal. There are around 572 islands in it. The fact that few them are inhabitedt. The Nicobar Islands are in the south of the archipelago and the Andaman Islands are in the north.

Influence of Indigenous Cultures and Traditions

The capital city of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands is Port Blair, which is located on the South Andaman Island. As of my knowledge cut off in September 2021, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands population was approximately 4.5 lakhs (450,000). The population is diverse, consisting of various indigenous tribes, settlers from mainland India, and people from other parts of the world.

 The Andaman and Nicobar Islands known for their indigenous tribes. Some of which have had very limited contact with the outside world. These tribes include the Sentinels, Jarawa, Great Andamanese, Onge, and Shompen.

The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are popular tourist destination. Known for their pristine beaches, coral reefs, and lush green forests. Havelock Island, Neil Island, and Ross Island are among the famous tourist spots. Activities like scuba diving, snorkelling, and trekking are popular among visitors.

The islands are home to a rich biodiversity, with a variety of flora and fauna. The diverse flora and fauna of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands make it a unique and ecologically significant region. It is heaven for nature lovers, scientists, and conservationists. Who drawn to its rich biodiversity and natural wonders.

Here are some highlights of the flora and fauna found on the islands:

Flora:

1. Evergreen Forests: Covered in lush evergreen forests. That are home to a wide variety of plant species. These forests consist of tall trees, including species like rosewood, mahogany, ebony, and Andaman padauk.
2. Mangroves: The Andaman and Nicobar Islands have extensive mangrove forests, which play a crucial role in protecting the coastlines and providing habitat for various species. Here, you can find mangrove species including Rhizophora, Avicennia, and Sonneratia.
3. Orchid flowers: Islands are renowned for their diverse orchid flora. Over 300 species of orchids found here. The endemic species Paphiopedilum insigne commonly known as the Lady’s Slipper Orchid and famous orchid species found in the region.
4. Medicinal Plants: The islands are abundant in medicinal plants. Some of which have been traditional. Used by indigenous tribes for their healing properties. Plants like Andrographis paniculata (Kalmegh) and Swertia chirata (Chirayita) have medicinal significance.

Fauna:

1. Marine Life: The waters surrounding the islands are teeming with marine life, including coral reefs, colorful fish, sea turtles, and various species of sharks. The marine biodiversity is a major attraction for scuba diving and snorkeling enthusiasts.
2. Endangered Species: The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are home to several endangered species, including the Andaman wild pig, Andaman horseshoe bat, Nicobar megapode, and Nicobar tree shrew. Islands provide a vital home and critically endangered saltwater crocodile.
3. Birds: The islands are a paradise for birdwatchers, with over 270 species of birds recorded. Notable species include the Andaman woodpecker, Andaman crake, Nicobar pigeon, and the critically endangered Nicobar megapode.
4. Reptiles: A variety of reptiles call islands home. Including the saltwater crocodile, Indian python, water monitor lizard, and several species of turtles. The beaches of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are important nesting grounds for sea turtles, including the leatherback, olive ridley, and hawksbill turtles.
5. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are accessible by air and sea. Regular flights operate from major Indian cities to Port Blair’s Veer Savarkar International Airport. Ferry services are available from mainland India and between different islands of the archipelago. The information provided is based on my knowledge September 2021. There have been a few modifications or advancements.